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Testing Hypotheses. In Exercises 13–24, assume that a simple random sample has been
selected and test the given claim. Unless specified by your instructor, use either the P-value
method or the critical value method for testing hypotheses. Identify the null and alternative
hypotheses, test statistic, P-value (or range of P-values), or critical value(s), and state the
final conclusion that addresses the original claim.
13. Course Evaluations Data Set 17 “Course Evaluations†in Appendix B includes data from
student evaluations of courses. The summary statistics are n = 93, 7 = 3.91, s
0.05 significance level to test the claim that the population of student course evaluations has a
0.53. Use a
mean equal to 4.00.
14. Speed Dating Data Set 18 “Speed Dating†in Appendix B includes “attractive†ratings of
male dates made by the female dates. The summary statistics are n = 199, X = 6.19, s = 1.99.
Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the population mean of such ratings is less than 7.00.
15. Garlic for Reducing Cholesterol In a test of the effectiveness of garlic for lowering
cholesterol, 49 subjects were treated with raw garlic. Cholesterol levels were measured before
and after the treatment. The changes (before minus after) in their levels of LDL cholesterol
(in mg/dL) have a mean of 0.4 and a standard deviation of 21.0 (based on data from “Effect
of Raw Garlic vs Commercial Garlic Supplements on Plasma Lipid Concentrations in Adults
with Moderate Hypercholesterolemia,” by Gardner et al., Archives of Internal Medicine,
Vol. 167, No. 4). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that with garlic treatment, the
mean change in LDL cholesterol is greater than 0. What do the results suggest about the effec-
tiveness of the garlic treatment?
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thickness of the cans appear to affect
10. Statistics Test Scores Tests in the author’s statistics classes have scores with a standard
deviation equal to 14.1. One of his last classes had 27 test scores with a standard deviation of
9.3. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that this class has less variation than other
past classes. Does a lower standard deviation suggest that this last class is doing better?
14. Bank Lines The Jefferson Valley Bank once had a separate customer waiting line at each
teller window, but it now has a single waiting line that feeds the teller windows as vacancies
occur. The standard deviation of customer waiting times with the old multiple-line configura-
tion was 1.8 min. Listed below is a simple random sample of waiting times (minutes) with the
single waiting line. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that with a single waiting line,
the waiting times have a standard deviation less than 1.8 min. What improvement occurred
when banks changed from multiple waiting lines to a single waiting line?
6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.7 7.7 7.7
15. Fast Food nr
Testing Claims About Variation. In Exercises 5–16, test the given claim. Identify the null
hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, or critical value(s), then state the con-
clusion about the null hypothesis, as well as the final conclusion that addresses the original
claim. Assume that a simple random sample is selected from a normally distributed population.
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