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State the basic claims of Locke’s political theory. Give one reason to support his theory and one reason to reject it.
Should be one double-spaced page. Do not exceed one page. Be sure that your response is sufficient to address the prompt. Excellent journals will use argument and evidence to justify claims. Cite the coursework where it is appropriate. No outside citations are required.
THE SECOI{D
TREATISE
ON
CIVIL
GOVERI{MENT
JOHN LOCKE
Pro-“th”us Books
@
/:
)Y lo hn Ulenn u Ve
Amherst,NervYork14278-2197
CIIAPTER II
OT THE STATE OF NATURE
4. To understand political power aright, and,derive it
from its original, we must considerwhat estateall metr are
naturallvini and that is, a stateof perfectfreedomto order
and persons
their aciioni, and disposeof their possessions
larv
of Nature,
the
of
the
bounds
as thev thini< fit, within
rvill
of any
the
upon
depending
or
withorit askinq leave
other man.
A state also of equality, wherein all the power and jurisdiction is reciprocai,no one having more than another,
of the
there beinsnofhingmoreevidentthan that creatures
same
all
the
promiscuously
born
to
rank,
and
.u*" ,o..L,
of Nature, ind the use of the same{aculties,
advant^ages
shouldaisobc equalone amongstanother,rvithoutsubordination or subieciion,unlessthe lord and masterof them
all shoulci,by any manifest declarationbl his will, set
T R U E EN D J F GOVER N M EN T
one above another, and confer on him, by an evident
and clear appointment, an undoubted right to dominion
and soverelgnty,
s. This equalityof men by Nature,the judiciousHooker
loo"ksuoon is so'evident in itself, and beybnd all question.
that he'makesit the foundationoi that obiieation
-dutiesto mutuai
they owe
love amonqstmen on rvhichhe builds the
one another,and from whencehe derivesthe great maxims
oI iusticeand charity. His words are:
'iThe lik" naturalinducement hath brought men to know
that it is no lesstheir duty to lovq othersthan themselves,
for seeingthose things which are equal, must needs all
have one measure; if I cannot but wish to receivegood.,
even as much at every man's hands,as any man can wish
unto his own soul, how should I look to have any part of
mv desirehereinsatisfied.unlessmyself be careful to satisfv
th; like desire,which is-undoubtedlyin other men *eali,
beingof one and the samenature: to have anything oftered
to this desiremust needs,in all iespects,
rtheri
'grieverepuqnant
as
much
as me; so that if I do harm, I must
them
there
being no reason that others should
to
sufier,
i=ook
show greater measureof love to me than they have by me
showedunto them; my desire,therefore,to be loved of my
may be,imposethupon
equalsin Nature,asmuchaspossible
mi a natural duty of beariig to themward fuily the iit
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