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my topic is: students transferring from middle school to high school. what does the student need to know before transferring. create an informative speech, provide a powerpoint, an annotated bibliography, outline,. I will be using this speech and powerpoint to make a video. For a 5 – 7 minute presentation using 3 main points, 5 – 7 slides are appropriate. One for the introduction, one for the conclusion and 3 or 4 for the main points. Effective slides are well balanced, easy on the eyes, not too busy, and contain bullet points and graphics.

What can you put on the slides? Here’s a list of types of presentation aids that fit well on slides

models

photographs

drawings

charts

tables

graphs

video clips

audio clips

multimedia (refers to the combination of multiple presentation aids into one choreographed production

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
(50 Points)
Assignment Description: Using APA style of source citations and the primary sources gathered
for the informative speech, create an annotated bibliography. You are required to use 10
sources for this assignment.
The main purpose of writing an annotated bibliography is to give the reader an informative
description as to the accuracy, relevance, and quality of the sources that have been cited. They
are critical and often describe the stand of the author.
The annotation aids the reader to decide on whether to read the whole work. They help in the
formulation of a thesis on the subject matter.
The annotated bibliography also has the purpose of:
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Demonstrating the extent of research done by the writer on the subject
Provide a list of major sources available on the subject
Give items that may be of interest to other researchers relating to the subject
Provide a literature review on the subject
There are two types of annotated bibliographies:
Descriptive
It describes why a source is useful for purposes of research on a particular subject. It gives the
distinctive features and posits the author’s main arguments and conclusions. However, it
doesn’t evaluate the position of the author.
Critical
It is also referred to as the analytical annotation. It not only summarizes the material but also
analyzes what’s said. A thorough and in-depth examination is done to point out the strengths
and weaknesses of what is being presented. The applicability of the author’s position to the
research at hand is also described. This is the most popular annotated bibliography.
GETTING STARTED ON WRITING AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
With the above knowledge of the types of annotated bibliographies, the next step is to get
started on writing one.
Select Your Sources
This is done at the onset of writing the bibliography. It requires one to research widely to find
records to materials that revolve around your topic.
While selecting your sources, it is important to know that the quality and utility of your
bibliography will depend greatly on this selection. Therefore, you ought to define the scope of
your research to enable you to know what to include and exclude. Well defined boundaries
should be done.
Review Your Findings
Once you’ve gathered some records, review each to select those that have a wider perspective
in relation to your topic. To aid you in this process, make use of the abstracts of the articles. It is
easier and much objective.
Writing Citations and Annotations
When you write an annotated bibliography, the complete citation comes first before the
annotation. The following should be included:
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The purpose of work
Summary of Content
Type of audience
Relevance to the main topic
Special features
Any strengths, points of weaknesses or biases in the material
Most annotated bibliographies are arranged alphabetically or chronologically. Your instructor
should let you know the preferred arrangement.
ELEMENTS OF AN ANNOTATION
Authors’ qualifications; for example: “Francis B. Smith, Professor of Psychology at ABC
University…”
Scope; “sets out to place Renee Descartes of 16th century England to elaborate the
development of his philosophy in relation to contemporary moral philosophy.”
Audience and reading difficulty. “Francis addresses moral agents in the professional world, and
his position will be clear to any educated layman.
Bias and authors stand. “Renee focuses his study on scientific aspects rather than moral aspects
present in that time period.”
Parallels to other Works in the field. “Renee departs from Immanuel Kant (Kantian ethics) who
developed the deontological moral theory and is convinced that moral obligation and duty
should be the guiding factor when judging moral actions.”
Conclusions. This will usually comprise of findings and results.
Formats. This includes:
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The bibliography
Glossary
Index
Testing instruments
Survey tools
STRUCTURE OF AN ANNOTATION
When writing annotations, there is a prescribed structure that should be followed. The
following structure shows how to write an annotated bibliography:
Length
The prescribed length is normally a paragraph of 100-200 words. It should be written concisely.
Person
It is most appropriate to write in the third person. However, the first person may be considered
for certain types of annotations.
Language and Vocabulary
It is recommended that one uses the language of the author to a greater extent. This aids in
conveying the ideas and conclusions of the author. Your sentence structures should be varied
to avoid repletion of phrases.
Sentence Format
Annotations work well with whole sentences. Even so, phrases and lists may be used. Vivid
descriptions may be given by use of single descriptive words.
Paragraph Format
As mentioned earlier, there should only be one paragraph. It should have the statement of the
work’s thesis; then other sentences can develop from it.
ASSESSING THE VALUE AND RELEVANCE OF YOUR SOURCES
Judging from the nature of your project, an assessment should be made on the value of the
particular sources at hand. If you’re doing a research project, you need to ascertain how you’re
going to use the source and also why you need you need it. For independent projects, the
contribution of the source to your research on the subject should be given preference. Here’s a
guideline on what to assess:
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How a source frames the research question
How a source answers a research question
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How a source makes new connections to the subject
How a source uses theoretical frameworks and key concepts
If a source gathers and analyzes specific evidence that you intend to use
The bearing of a source’s conclusions to your own findings
To effectively determine how you will use a certain source, the following aspects should be
considered:
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Its value proposition
The quality of its arguments
It’s limitations as a source
The effectiveness of its chosen method of investigation
The plausibility of its evidence
If you will draw the same conclusions from the given evidence
While doing this assessment, always bear in mind the context of your project. In addition, keep
in line with how the material at hand is assessed in the respective discipline and the models
available for assessing arguments.
HOW TO WRITE AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY (SAMPLE ANNOTATIONS)
Annotations come in various formats such as MLA, APA, and Chicago style.
Sample Chicago Style Annotation
Richardson, Davis Elliot. Moral Philosophy. London: Routledge, 1999.
Richardson’s book gives a thorough analysis of the moral philosophies in the modern day world.
This analysis traverses the various cultural divides. The author fronts relevant patterns and
evidence backed by research. The book draws parallels to other works of philosophers and their
contributions to modern day moral philosophy.
A closer look at this annotated bibliography shows the various elements discussed previously. It
consists of one paragraph, and it gives a summary of the book. The project has also been
described briefly giving the main highlights.
Sample APA Annotation
Bruce, A. (2002). The development of professional ethics. New Jersey: Scotts Company.
This book is based on the empirical research. Bruce traces the underpinnings of professional
ethics and follows the long trail to the period when it was being developed in America. He
attempts to trace how each discipline and career field has developed its own set of professional
ethics. He goes further to show the distinctive features of various professions and the ethics they
observe drawing points of convergence and divergence. The author gives his methods of
research and supplements it with scholarly research. The ethical bearings are also laid bare, and
limitations of his research are also evident. The research is descriptive and well-articulated.
The above annotation has assessed the book and given a succinct summary. The author’s points
of strength and limitation are also described. An evaluation has also been given on the
presentation and methods of research.
INFORMATIVE SPEECH OUTLINE FORMAT
This is an example of what your outline should look like and includes formatting. Include full
sentences and references/sources
Student’s Name: Date: Topic: Title that suggests the topic of your speech
General Purpose: To inform
Specific Purpose: Your specific purpose identifies the information you want to communicate in
the mode you have chosen. “To inform my audience about….”
Thesis Statement: The central idea of your speech.
I. Introduction
A. Attention Getter: Something that grabs the attention of the audience. Examples of
this: startling statistics, stories, rhetorical questions, quotations, scenarios, etc. This
point should not be more than one sentence long.
B. Reason to Listen: Why should the audience listen to your speech? Make it personal
to each of them.
C. Thesis Statement: Exact same statement as above.
D. Credibility Statement: 1.What personally connects you to this topic? 2. What type of
research have you done to establish credibility?
E. Preview of Main Points: (this preview should reinforce the mode you have selected)
1. First, I will describe … 2. Second, I will examine … 3. Third, I will discuss…
II. Restate thesis, exact statement as above as a transition into the first main point
A. Statement of the first main point; you should not use a source in this first sentence.
1. Idea of development or support for the first main point
a. Support material (statistics, quotation, etc. = cite source
b. Support material (ex: statistics, quotation, etc. – cite source)
2. More development and support
a. Support material (statistics, quotation, etc.- cite source)
b. Support material (ex: statistics, quotation, etc. – cite source)
3. More development if needed
Transition: (Required) Statement of movement that looks back (internal summary) and looks
forward (preview).
B. Statement of second main point. Do not use a source in this first statement.
1. Idea of development or support for the first main point
a. Support material (ex: statistics, quotation, etc. – cite source)
b. Support material (ex: statistics, quotation, etc. – cite source)
2. More development or support
a. Support material (ex: statistics, quotation, etc. – cite source)
b. Support material (ex: statistics, quotation, etc. – cite source)
3. More development if needed
Transition: (Required) Statement of movement that looks back (internal summary) and looks
forward (preview).
C. Statement of third main point. Do not use a source in this first statement.
1. Idea of development or support for the first main point
a. Support material (ex: statistics, quotation, etc. – cite source)
b. Support material (ex: statistics, quotation, etc. – cite source)
2. More development or support
a. Support material (ex: statistics, quotation, etc. – cite source)
b. Support material (ex: statistics, quotation, etc. – cite source)
3. More development if needed
III. Conclusion
A. Review of Main Points: 1. Restate your first main point. 2. Restate your second main point.
3. Restate you third main point.
B. Restate Thesis: Exact same as above.
C. Closure: Develop a creative closing that will give the speech a sense of ending. This point
may be more than one sentence. You should refer back to your Attention Getter.
References
Include all the sources you cited in your speech. All references need to be cited in either MLA
or APA format. Be sure to make sure that the references are in alphabetical order. Four source
minimum: You must have at least four sources (including one print and one “expert’ interview)
cited in your outline and listed on your reference page. Make sure to provide all necessary
information in the references.

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